Question
Name a signaling pathway that is activated by toll-like receptor recognition of PAMPS that is independent...
Name a signaling pathway that is activated by toll-like receptor recognition of PAMPS that is independent of the pathway leading to INF expression (A) and describe the outcome of activation of this pathway (B).
Answers
A) NF- kB signaling pathway
B) NF-kB pathway controlls the expression of an array of cytokine genes by downstream signal activation against host defense.
Explanation:
TLR (Toll like receptor) mainly play major role in the innate immune systems by recognising PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns) which derived from different types of microbes. TLR signal by after recruiting different adaptor molecules and avtivate NF-kB signaling pathway. Thus TLR have high contribution in the host defense.
TLR is a PRR (pathogen- recognising receptor) molecule which recognise microbe specific molecular signatures or PAMPs and DAMPs (Damage- associated molecules patterns. PRR (TLR) activate downstream signaling pathway of NF-kB followed by the induction of immune response by the production of IFN (interferon), inflammatory cytokine and other mediators. Host defense against pathogen is takes place by activation of NF-kB by TLR.
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