For the following questions answer with as much detail as possible. If a metabolic pathway is involved draw a name all molecular structures and name all enzymes. Indicate cell type and location within...

a.) The hormone that is in effect after glycogen stores are depleted is glucagon.

b.) When the glycogen stores of the body are depleted and the body is under stress,level of the hormones glucagon and epinephrine begins to rise in the blood.The surface of adipose cells have specific receptors for these hormones where these hormones bind and this results in activation of a reaction pathway in the cell that leads to activation of an enzyme called lipase. Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides and free fatty acids and glycerol are produced, fatty acids are released.

Released triglycerides transported by lipoproteins.

c.) Once triglycerides are in the muscles,the free fatty acids are converted to CoA. Mitochondria is the site where the fatty acid-CoA thioesters are oxidized.Fatty acid-CoA thioesters are converted to CO2 and water in the mitochondrial matrix and ATP is produced.

d.) If we consider a triglyceride with three 16-C fatty acid chains,for one 16-C chain of fatty acid,ATP molecules produced= 129.
So for all the three fatty acid chains= 129 X 3=387 molecules of ATP.
ATP molecules produced from breakdown of glycerol= 15
So by adding,387+15= 402 molecules of ATP.
402 molecules of ATP can be generated from one molecule of your lunchtime triglyceride.