Question
Why is the spot size of a lens diffraction limited for small aperture sizes and why...
Why is the spot size of a lens diffraction limited for small aperture sizes and why is the spot size of a lens aberration limited for large aperture sizes?
Answers
Part A) Diffraction is an optical phenomenon which put a limit on the total resolution of your photography . no matter how many megapixels your camera may have ? Light begins to diffract when passes through a small opening (such as your camera len's aperture). This effect is normally negligible, since smaller apertures often improve sharpness by minimizing lens aberrations. However, for sufficiently small apertures, this strategy produces reverse effect due to which your camera is said to have become diffraction limited. Knowing this limit can help maximize detail, and avoid an unnecessarily long exposure or high ISO speed. As well small aperture have size very much comperable with the wavelength.
Part B) Lens aberration is a defect of the lens due to which lens is unable to fucus all the no paraxial rays at the fucus. And this put a limit on your camera another limit known as lens aberration.
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