Many water molecules are weakly held together by covalent bonds Ob. ionic bonds peptide bonds hydrogen bonds...

Water can participate in hydrogen-bonding with other water molecules. In liquid water, how many hydrogen bonds does each water molecule engage in? What threedimensional shape do these bonds assume?

So to start this question, let's first go back to our definitions of intro versus in turn, molecular forces. So an intra molecular force is gonna be an attractive force that holds Adams together within a molecule. Some examples of an intra molecular force would be a co Vaillant bond or an Ionic bond. The's bonds are very strong in comparison to inter molecular forces, which are weaker in terms. Molecular forces are attractive forces that are found in between molecules. Some examples of these are I and I people interactions London dispersion forces. Or is we'll talk about later. In this question, hydrogen bonds, which are a type of dye, pulled. I pulled interaction. Now, moving on, just talking specifically about water in a water molecule, we have to hide regions in an oxygen. Now, if we look closely the bond that is connecting our hydrogen toe our oxygen within each individual water molecule, it's gonna be our intra molecular bond. Specifically, it is a polar co Vaillant baht. But if we look at the force that's holding together the water molecules, so one water molecule here to this one over here, it's gonna be an inter molecular force more specifically a hydrogen bond. So when answering this question to sum it up, we can say that the forces within a water molecule connecting our hydrogen to our oxygen argument intra molecular force, whereas the forces that are connecting our water molecules together, for instance, and Ice Cube are gonna be inter molecular forces.

Everyone in this video, we're going to be talking about water, the universal solvent. Um So here on the white board, I have johnny simple water molecule. I'm pretty sure we're all familiar with the structure of water. It's H 201 oxygen molecule bought into to hide regions. Um and as we know, I have a little description here. Water is polar. Um Each water molecule is held together by political rally in bonds, but then the actual water molecules we have intra molecular attractions. There are connected by hydrogen bonding. Now, if we want to think back to the definition about hydrogen bonding and what classifies um a hydrogen bond is where we have electro negative atoms such as oxygen, um flooring or nitrogen, and they're being attracted to a hydrogen atom. So those are examples of hydrogen bonding. And if we want to think a question that we may ask ourselves as well, how many hydrogen bonds is each water molecule capable of? If we are in an ice crystal, you know, an ice crystal, it's a solid, so it's a little bit different than than liquid. You know, if you're in a liquid um if you want to think back to maybe to your more of introductory chemistry classes, if we're in a gas molecules are a little bit more. They're they're they're very fast, they move very transient. If we're in a liquid, the molecules really slow down. Um you may have bonding, or the molecules may bind together and then they break away, they make bonds with other molecules this and this and that. So they're very free. But in the solid, the bonding is rather compact. So you want to think about what the bonding of water and ice. Um and so this kind of all takes us back to the ability to donate hydrogen bonds, um and the ability to accept hydrogen bonding. And so let's it really comes down to the structure of water itself. So, as you can see here, we have an oxygen and we have two electrons or two pairs of electrons here on water, on the oxygen. So that oxygen itself is able to donate electrons. So if we are in a mixture of water or or something like that, um it's able it's going to be able to donate those electrons to bind to other hydrogen. So the oxygen itself can make to bonds. And then these hydrogen is on the side of water, are able to essentially again give up those um those hydrogen and get bonded to the oxygen's of other water molecules. So if we wanted to draw that and just kind of see what it looked like, um we can go ahead and draw one other uh water molecule here. What? And we'll try to draw these as best as we can. We'll go ahead and draw our electrons here and let's go ahead and draw our hydrogen and what not. And we'll use green to show the bond. So I wish you could have done this a little bit further apart. But here's the bond right here. And if you wanted to go ahead and draw another bond from another water molecule, for example, like so just like this. More or less, this is what our drawing is going to look like. And then we have other water molecules here, for example, let's say we have this and we have another one here. And those are making bonds and whatnot. Mm like that. Just like this. We have our green bonds here. We have yet another one here. And then those have your hydrogen and we have those here. So, as you can see, it can get kind of complicated if we are in a solid the ice crystal here, um there's just a lot of bonding that can can occur as you can see. Each water molecule is capable of um being in four bonds. So we see the the oxygen in the middle is able to donate its electrons to form a bond with the hydrogen. Water molecules. And those hydrogen from that are connected to the oxygen are able to again bond to the oxygen's of other water molecules. So overall it's capable of making for bonds. So hopefully this was helpful. It's it's really nice to be able to draw a picture and just take into consideration the structure of water itself. Um that's why water is very polar. It's able to go ahead and make quite a bit of hydrogen bonding and that's how exactly water is held just through hydrogen.

We are asked to state the type of bond water to water bonds are so when water bynes to water. What type of bond is this? So H 20 fighting Teoh Htoo So what is our water molecule? It's a 20 right, so we'll have to h is each connected to Oh, and so if we want toe bind if two water molecules bind together, they buy through hydrogen bonding. So I had you didn't Bond is an age 20 bon. So here's one water molecule. If it's bound to another water molecule will have and oh, and then two ages for another water will kill. So over here we have one water molecule. Over here we have another water molecule and in between here, here's the O H bond. So that's called ah Haijun bond. So water tow water bonds by are known as hygiene ones de

So today we're gonna be talking about what type of inter molecular bond exists between water molecules. And so water is a polar compound because the partially negative oxygen atoms attract partially positive charged hydrogen atoms from the other molecule. Yeah. And this forms hydrogen bombs. No. Um therefore water use is um what are the uses? Inter molecular hydrogen bonding? Yeah. Uh huh.