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Predict the approximate bond angles for the following: a. the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}$ bond angle in $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}$ b. the $\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{F}$ bond angle in $^{-} \mathrm{BF}_{4}$ c. the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}$ bond angle in $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{N}$ d. the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}$ bond angle in $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}$

Continuing to look at a few different molecules. We are predicting the structure based on the S E P. R model and the bonding angles. So what we have faster CCL four and so what we're using is SP three hybrid orbital's. And so the bond angle based on BSE PR model Would be 109.5. And the actual bonding angle is also 109.5 because no lone pairs are present on the carbon atom. Next, what we're looking at us C L two and so the central soft atoms to lone pairs of electrons and two bonding pairs. And so it uses Sp three hybrid orbital's. So the bonding angle based on BSE PR model Would be 1 9.5. Again. However, due to the lone pairs of electrons present on the sulfur atom, the actual bonding angle would be slightly less than 109.5. Just due to those lone pairs of electrons Next UFC zero CL 2. And so the carbon atom has three bonding pairs of electrons. And so what we're using is sp two hybridization. And the bonding angle based on VSE Pr would be about 120°. However, we do have lone pairs present on chlorine and oxygen. So the bonding angle should be slightly less than 120°. Finally, we've got a s Age three and so what we have is three bonding powers and one lone pair of electrons. So we're using sp three hybrid orbital's. So the bond angle based on the PSC PR model would be 109.5. However, we do have a lone pair on our central atom, so our bonding and will be slightly less than 1009.5.

So we're just looking at the actual bond angles in the plane. A cycle of propane and cyclo Penton examples. So propane has three carbons in total. So cyclo propane, you can see, is drawn out here. Cyclo Penton. We know that pence a means five and so we've drawn out our cyclo painting just next with that. So the optimal bonding angles for these carbons is 109.5 degrees. However, insight, clothes, propane, we see bonding angles of 60 degrees on encyclopedia knitting. We have bonding angles of 108 degrees. So both of these are smaller, down the optimal bonding angles. And so a lot of strain will be felt on all of the carbons.

So here we're looking at the V S E P R model. So what we're looking to do is arrange the bonding pairs and the lone pairs around the central atom in a way that minimizes repulsion and as a result reduces the energy of the system or of the molecule and is incredibly stabilizing as well as this. We are looking at the bonding angles. So the first example, What we have is CCL four. So we have is sp three hybridization. So the bonding angle one oh 9.5 using the S E P R. And the actual bonding angle will be 109.5 because we do not have any low pairs present. Next example, what we have is a C. L two. So the central sulfur atom does have to learn pairs of electrons and two bonding pairs. So we have sp three hybridization. So the bond angle based on VSE Pr would be 109.5. But in reality the bonding angle would be less than 109.5 due to the lone pairs of electrons. Next we have COCL two, so the carbon atom has three bonding pairs of electrons. So we use sp two hybridization VSE PR predicts 1 20 degrees bonding angle, But the lone pairs are present on chlorine and oxygen atoms. So the actual bonding angle of CLCCL should be less than 120. Finally, we have ASH three, so we have a central atom that has three bonding pairs in one lone pair of electrons. So we have sp three hybridization PSC PR predicts 109.5 degrees bonding angle. However, due to the one lone pairs of electrons on the central atom, We will in fact have a bonding angle less than 109.5.

Here we will just be predicting some bonding angles. So firstly, we have the C and C Bond angle in ch 32 NH two, which is the structure hit, and we have a bond angle off 109.5 in the highlighted region and green. A second example. We're looking at the C and H Bond in the CH three, c H two and H two molecule. So this is just drawn here on. We have bonding angles off 107.3 degrees here, moving on to our next example. We're looking at the HC and Bond in ch 32 NH, which is drawn out just below us. Apologies. Where we have bonding on gold is highlighted in green to be 109.5 degrees on Now we just got our last example here. We're looking at the h si o Bond in our ch 30 ch three Example on We have bonding angles of 109.5 degrees again