Identify the experimental units or subjects, the explanatory variables (factors), the treatments, and the response variables.A student project measured the increase...

Identify the experimental units or subjects, the explanatory variables (factors), the treatments, and the response variables.

A student project measured the increase in the heart rates of fellow students when they stepped up and down for three minutes to the beat of a metronome. The step was either 5.75 or 11.5 inches high and the metronome beat was 14, 21, or 28 steps per minute. Five students stepped at each combination of height and speed.

Now work on Problem 40 two from Chapter one. In this problem, it talks about studying table sugar. How much can be mixed and dissolved in water at varying temperatures. So the amount of sugar that can dissolve in water goes up as the water temperature goes up. And now we have some questions. What's the independent, variable dependent variable? And which factor are we holding? Constant. So first, let's identify the independent variable. This is something that we're changing. We're deciding to change. It's not something that's changed from the condition. So this is something that we choose to change, and that's temperature. So each time we tried to dissolve the amount of sugar, we're choosing different temperatures, and so that's independent of anything else. Just what we choose. So the dependent variable will be something that changes depending on how we change the independent variable. So we changed the independent variable based on our choice, and as a response to that change, the dependent variable will change. And so in this case, it's the amount of sugar that's dissolved. So as we change um, temperature through our choice, the amount of sugar that will dissolve will change, making a dependent on the independent variable. And the last thing that it asked us to identify is what are we holding? Constant. Now, in this case, we're not holding the temperature constant. We're not holding the amount of sugar that's being dissolved constant. We're holding Constant is the amount of water. So we need to hold this constant so that we can be sure that increase in sugar soluble ity is related on Lee to the temperature, not too.

For the urine problem. We would like to design an experiment experiment to determine whether long toodle or trans worse pulses have a higher speed own slinky. The experiment can be done, the using slinky and a stopwatch. Let's start with their trans worse polls. Let's say, is the trans worse bowls faster? We need to attach the end off the slinky to the wall. So let's say here is the slinky. It dished Ah, while holding the other end off. Um, my hands over this whole did this by hand here to come here to transport ball, so you need to shake the slinky up and down. Once the pulse is initiated, turn the stopwatch on the pulse will travel along the slinky and hit the wall. So when it hits the wall here and then comes back when the reflected balls reaches, Ah, you your then stop the watch in order to create a long Schubel. So you need to shake the slinky back, uh, beckoned forward. So let's aim. Um, So here's the Slinky. We will shake back and forth year. Um, you could hear the balls once the pulse is initiated. Turn the stopwatch on the Bulls will travel along the Slinky to form the compression and hits the wall. Then we will come back when it is reflected and reaches. He will stop the stopwatch after doing the two experiments compared the time for this trans worse and along shuttle. Um, for the reflection back, the bulls that takes a short time will have will be the one with a higher speed. Um, we noticed that there will be uncertainty in the results because you might turn on the stopwatch after or before the motion starts of rent toe work. On this uncertainty, we usually repeat the experiment Mawr and Mawr, uh, which will allow us to get the wider range of results, that we will take the average value off those results.

Question, Lynn asked to identify the experimental units, your subjects, the factors, treatments in the response variables for this particular experiment says ability to grow in shade may help Heinz find found in the dry forest of Arizona to resist drought. How well do these pines grow in shape? The investigators plant Pint see things in a greenhouse either fully light produced by 25% of normal by a shade cloth, or like you did by 5%. And the study. They drive the young trees and wait that so our experimental units are subject. What we're starting with our the pine. See, let's that the actual trees himself. She won't bump looking at. And then that the factors extra variable is sunlight. So is it Full light is introduced attorney ever Sonora's produced by 5%. That's the very blood's changing between the three groups. And so the response the outcome of the ex experimental unit based on the factors is the way to the tree. How much? Just the truth they using based on the amount of light? I mean, finally, as I alluded to before the treatment is described within the factor of explanatory variable, which is the type of light that flight is, it reduced Lee. We raised 20% or by 5%

Question 51. Some researchers are trying to see how pine trees grow with reduced lates. They want to see if they caught him in the shade versus injured, so they plan these little seedlings. I'm neither full light in late. That's reduced to 25% using some, um, some shades of cloth and then all the way down to 5% to see how they grow in those situations. Once they finished growing up in the season, they dry this evening and they weigh them to see how large a group much mass it took up. So in this case, the subjects are the pine seedlings to their planting. The factors is that different is the light. How much light exposure each just eating is receiving in response to what the factor is going to drive is the weight depending on how much that you have to present, it's gonna show us what size they're looking to grow to, and so factors I'm on this agenda late R D mt. Awaiting with being received. So it's either was three. Other factors is either gonna be full light. It's gonna be that reduced 25% night for reduced all the way to 5% light. Those of the three different treatments that are being put into the pine seedlings, which is gonna chalk, cause them to grow either, um, to that extreme out positive or extreme negatives, how growth.